Section 3: External Nuclear Motions

  Apart from the degeneracy of the electronic states, introduced in the previous section, major components in the molecular statistical calculations are density of states or partition function of nuclear motions.   In this section, the external motions of the molecules, translational motion and external rotation will be discussed.   Except at very low temperatures, say 100 K or less, the external motions can be approximated assuming the classical limit, i.e., Δε << k_BT.

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Lecture note