物理定数と単位の換算 2014
三好 明
三好 明
ここでは P.J. Mohr, B.N. Taylor, and D.B. Newell (2015), "The 2014 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants" (Web Version 7.0). This database was developed by J. Baker, M. Douma, and S. Kotochigova. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/constants [Wednesday, 07-Oct-2015 01:28:43 EDT]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. に基づく物理定数の要約を示す。 詳細は Fundamental Physical Constants from NIST を参照されたい。
| π | 3.14159265358979323846 |
| Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| c0 | 299 792 458 = 2.997 924 58×108 |
m s−1 | (exact) | speed of light in vacuum |
真空中の光速 |
| h | 6.626 070 040(81)×10−34 | J s | 1.2×10−8 | Planck constant | プランク定数 |
| e | 1.602 176 6208(98)×10−19 | C | 6.1×10−9 | elementary charge | 電気素量 |
| NA | 6.022 140 857(74)×1023 | mol−1 | 1.2×10−8 | Avogadro constant | アボガドロ定数 |
| me | 9.109 383 56(11)×10−31 | kg | 1.2×10−8 | electron mass | 電子の質量 |
| R | 8.314 4598(48) | J K−1 mol−1 | 5.7×10−7 | molar gas constant | モル気体定数 |
| G | 6.674 08(31)×10−11 | m3 kg−1 s−2 | 4.7×10−5 | Newtonian constant of gravitation |
ニュートン 重力定数 |
| Derived as | Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| R∞ | mec0α2 / 2h | 10 973 731.568 508(65) = 1.097 373 156 8508(65)×107 |
m−1 | 5.9×10−12 | Rydberg constant |
リュードベリ定数 |
| α | μ0c0e2 / 2h | 7.297 352 5664(17)×10−3 | – | 2.3×10−10 | fine structure constant |
微細構造定数 |
| F | NAe | 96 485.332 89(59) = 9.648 533 289(59)×104 |
C mol−1 | 6.2×10−9 | Faraday constant |
ファラデー定数 |
| μB | eh / 4πme | 927.400 9994(57)×10−26 | J T−1 | 6.2×10−9 | Bohr magneton |
ボーア磁子 |
| Derived as | Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| μ0 | 4π×10−7 | ~ 12.566 370 614×10−7 | H m−1 (N A−2) | (exact) | magnetic constant |
磁気定数 (真空の透磁率) |
| ε0 | 1 / μ0c02 | ~ 8.854 187 818×10−12 | F m−1 | (exact) | electric constant |
電気定数 (真空の誘電率) |
| ħ | h / 2π | 1.054 571 800(13)×10−34 | J s | 1.2×10−8 | ||
| mu | 10−3 / NA | 1.660 539 040(20)×10−27 | kg | 1.2×10−8 | atomic mass constant |
原子質量定数 |
| k | R / NA | 1.380 648 52(13)×10−23 | J K−1 | 5.7×10−7 | Boltzmann constant |
ボルツマン定数 |
| a0 | α / 4πR∞ | 0.529 177 210 67(12)×10−10 | m | 2.3×10−10 | Bohr radius | ボーア半径 |
| Eh | 2R∞hc0 | 4.359 744 650(54)×10−18 | J | 1.2×10−8 | Hartree energy |
ハートリー エネルギー |
| Derived Quatity | Symbol | Expression in terms of other SI units |
Expression in terms of SI base units |
| electric charge | C | A s | |
| electric potential | V | J C−1 | m2 kg s−3 A−1 |
| electric capacitance | F | C V−1 | m−2 kg−1 s4 A2 |
| Celsius temperature | °C | θ / °C + 273.15 ≡ T / K |
| Quantity | |
| pressure | 1 bar ≡ 105 Pa |
| 1 atm ≡ 101 325 Pa | |
| 1 Torr ≡ 1 / 760 atm ~ 133.322 3684 Pa | |
| energy | 1 cal ≡ 4.184 J |
| cross section | 1 b (barn) ≡ 1 × 10−28 m2 |