物理定数と単位の換算 2006
三好 明
三好 明
ここでは P.J. Mohr, B.N. Taylor, and D.B. Newell (2007), "The 2006 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants" (Web Version 5.0). This database was developed by J. Baker, M. Douma, and S. Kotochigova. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/constants [2008, May 13]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. に基づく物理定数の要約を示す。 詳細は Fundamental Physical Constants from NIST を参照されたい。
| π | 3.14159265358979323846 |
| Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| c0 | 299 792 458 = 2.997 924 58×108 |
m s−1 | (exact) | speed of light in vacuum |
真空中の光速 |
| h | 6.626 068 96(33)×10−34 | J s | 5.0×10−8 | Planck constant | プランク定数 |
| e | 1.602 176 487(40)×10−19 | C | 2.5×10−8 | elementary charge | 電気素量 |
| NA | 6.022 141 79(30)×1023 | mol−1 | 5.0×10−8 | Avogadro constant | アボガドロ定数 |
| me | 9.109 382 15(45)×10−31 | kg | 5.0×10−8 | electron mass | 電子の質量 |
| R | 8.314 472(15) | J K−1 mol−1 | 1.7×10−6 | molar gas constant | モル気体定数 |
| G | 6.674 28(67)×10−11 | m3 kg−1 s−2 | 1.0×10−4 | Newtonian constant of gravitation |
ニュートン 重力定数 |
| Derived as | Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| R∞ | mec0α2 / 2h | 10 973 731.568 527(73) = 1.097 373 156 8527(73)×107 |
m−1 | 6.6×10−12 | Rydberg constant |
リュードベリ定数 |
| α | μ0c0e2 / 2h | 7.297 352 5376(50)×10−3 | – | 6.8×10−10 | fine structure constant |
微細構造定数 |
| F | NAe | 96 485.3399(24) = 9.648 533 99(24)×104 |
C mol−1 | 2.5×10−8 | Faraday constant |
ファラデー定数 |
| μB | eh / 4πme | 927.400 915(23)×10−26 | J T−1 | 2.5×10−8 | Bohr magneton |
ボーア磁子 |
| Derived as | Value | Unit | Rel. std. uncert. |
Quantity | ||
| μ0 | 4π×10−7 | ~ 12.566 370 614×10−7 | H m−1 (N A−2) | (exact) | magnetic constant |
磁気定数 (真空の透磁率) |
| ε0 | 1 / μ0c02 | ~ 8.854 187 818×10−12 | F m−1 | (exact) | electric constant |
電気定数 (真空の誘電率) |
| ħ | h / 2π | 1.054 571 628(53)×10−34 | J s | 5.0×10−8 | ||
| mu | 10−3 / NA | 1.660 538 782(83)×10−27 | kg | 5.0×10−8 | atomic mass constant |
原子質量定数 |
| k | R / NA | 1.380 6504(24)×10−23 | J K−1 | 1.7×10−6 | Boltzmann constant |
ボルツマン定数 |
| a0 | α / 4πR∞ | 0.529 177 208 59(36)×10−10 | m | 6.8×10−10 | Bohr radius | ボーア半径 |
| Eh | 2R∞hc0 | 4.359 743 94(22)×10−18 | J | 5.0×10−8 | Hartree energy |
ハートリー エネルギー |
| Derived Quatity | Symbol | Expression in terms of other SI units |
Expression in terms of SI base units |
| electric charge | C | A s | |
| electric potential | V | J C−1 | m2 kg s−3 A−1 |
| electric capacitance | F | C V−1 | m−2 kg−1 s4 A2 |
| Celsius temperature | °C | θ / °C + 273.15 ≡ T / K |
| Quantity | |
| pressure | 1 bar ≡ 105 Pa |
| 1 atm ≡ 101 325 Pa | |
| 1 Torr ≡ 1 / 760 atm ~ 133.322 3684 Pa | |
| energy | 1 cal ≡ 4.184 J |
| cross section | 1 b (barn) ≡ 1 × 10−28 m2 |